One of the most notable film versions was directed by William Dieterle; it was released in 1939 and starred Charles Laughton and Maureen O’Hara, though its happy ending diverged significantly from Hugo’s novel. 'Our Lady of Paris', originally titled Notre-Dame de Paris. The Hunchback of Notre Dame circulated widely, inspiring illustrations by lithographers, painters, book illustrators, and even cartoonists. [8], The name Quasimodo has become synonymous with "a courageous heart beneath a grotesque exterior."[9]. He tortures Esmeralda after her interrogation to the point in where he hurts her so badly she falsely confesses, sealing her own fate. Victor Hugo’s Gothic French Romantic novel The Hunchback of Notre-Dame was first published in 1831. Illustration of the Hunchback of Notre Dame by Victor Hugo, via Wikimedia CommonsLet’s start with the “no-duh” differences between the book and the movie. A musical version, scored by Dennis DeYoung, opened in, IN 1998, a choreography and direction by Michael Pink and original music score by Philip Feeney; currently in the repertoire of, in 5 parts from 6 January to 3 February 1989, with, in 2 parts on 30 November and 7 December 2008, with deaf actor, 1892. Quasimodo is juxtaposed with the dashing Captain Phoebus, who shares his name with the Greco-Roman god of the Sun. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. The story centres on Quasimodo, the deformed bell ringer of Notre-Dame Cathedral, and his unrequited love for the beautiful dancer La Esmeralda. Together, and with featured singers, they introduce us to Dom Claude Frollo and his younger brother Jehan, orphan boys who were raised within the church of Notre Dame. By Victor Hugo. The honor is given to Quasimodo, the bell-ringer of Notre-Dame. La Falourdel is the innkeeper of the hotel where Phoebus and Esmeralda meet. Unlike it’s French counterpart, the German adaptation was based on the Disney animated film The Hunchback of Notre Dame, which was released three years prior, in 1996. He is also deaf, which makes it more difficult because when he asks Quasimodo for his name, age and profession, Quasimodo does not respond. As she is being led to the gallows, Quasimodo swings down by the bell rope of Notre-Dame and carries her off to the cathedral, temporarily protecting her – under the law of sanctuary – from arrest. QUASIMODO COULD’VE BEEN VOICED BY MANDY PATINKIN. Claude Frollo's portentous phrase, 'Ceci tuera cela' ("This will kill that", as he looks from a printed book to the cathedral building), sums up this thesis, which is expounded on in Book V, chapter 2. The 1956 French film is one of the few versions to end almost exactly like the novel, although it changes other sections of the story. The novel condemns the society that heaps misery on the likes of Quasimodo and Esmeralda. This uprising was driven by a condemnation of the forms and institutions associated with the traditional monarchical regime, and its leaders sought a new way forward. When Frollo laughs during Esmeralda's hanging, Quasimodo pushes him from the height of Notre Dame to his death. Gringoire, intent on escaping the festivities, finds himself in the very heart of it at the Place de Grève, where a beautiful gypsy named Esmeralda is dancing and performing tricks with her pet goat, Djali. Frollo is torn between his obsessive lust for Esmeralda and the rules of Notre Dame Cathedral. Many thousands of printings followed. Images from the novel (especially images of the cathedral) became known to individuals at all levels of society. Study Guide for The Hunchback of Notre Dame. Sister Gudule, also known as Sachette and formerly named Paquette Guybertaut ". Quasimodo first meets Esmeralda at the Feast of Fools, an annual festival parodying ecclesiastical ritual and cardinal elections. The Hunchback of Notre Dame book. Fifteen years before the events of the novel, a group of Roma kidnapped the infant Agnès from her mother’s room. An extensive program of renovation, overseen by French restoration specialist Eugène-Emmanuel Viollet-le-Duc, was undertaken in the mid-1840s, and in the latter half of the 19th century Gothic monuments began to regain their religious significance. The Hunchback of Notre Dame is a Disney classic.Released in 1996, this animated feature was inspired by Victor Hugo's literary masterpiece, The Hunchback of Notre Dame (or Notre-Dame de Paris). Victor Hugo 1831. It saves him, and she captures his heart. The French title refers to the Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris, on which the story is focused, and it is also a metaphor for Esmeralda, who is … He orders Quasimodo to kidnap her, but Quasimodo is captured by Phoebus and his guards, who save Esmeralda. For other uses, see, Allusions to actual history, geography and current science, Theatre programme: Royal Strand Theatre, London, dated 29 May 1871, The Hunchback of Notre Dame (disambiguation), Learn how and when to remove this template message, Norman Rosemont and Malcolm J. Christopher, "The Hunchback of Notre-Dame: Victor Hugo's classic novel shoots up Amazon sales following cathedral fire | The Independent", "The Hunchback of Notre Dame | Summary, Characters, Book, & Facts", fr:Notre-Dame de Paris (roman)#cite note-21, "Real-life Quasimodo uncovered in Tate archives", https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/live-action-hunchback-movie-works-at-disney-1176584, https://www.radiotimes.com/news/on-demand/2018-05-24/idris-elba-to-star-as-the-hunchback-of-notre-dame-for-netflix-film, Mainstage 1997 – Nicholas De Beabien's The Hunchback of Notre Dame, "Hunchback of Notre Dame Musical By Styx Front-Man to Play Chicago's Bailiwick", https://www.nitrateville.com/viewtopic.php?f=18&t=16878, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pqqvEu4-psM, The Hunchback of Notre Dame: Topsy Turvy Games, Disney's Animated Storybook: The Hunchback of Notre Dame, Association Littéraire et Artistique Internationale, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Hunchback_of_Notre-Dame&oldid=1010925896, French novels adapted into television shows, Cultural depictions of Louis XI of France, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia introduction cleanup from May 2019, Articles covered by WikiProject Wikify from May 2019, All articles covered by WikiProject Wikify, Articles that may contain original research from February 2015, All articles that may contain original research, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2016, Articles with French-language sources (fr), Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz work identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat-VIAF identifiers, Wikipedia articles with multiple identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. It concerns both historical events from 1482, which Hugo had meticulously researched, and later historical events, such as the French Revolution, which had taken place in 1789, just before Hugo was born. That night Phoebus tries to persuade Esmeralda to sleep with him. Based on the 1996 Disney film and Victor Hugo’s 1831 novel, The Hunchback of Notre Dame tells the story of Quasimodo, the hunchbacked bell-ringer of Notre Dame, and his desire to one day be a part of the outside world. The story begins as three gypsies sneak illegally into Paris but are ambushed by a squadron of soldier-like thugs working for Judge Claude Frollo, the Minister of Justice and de facto ruler of Paris. See Modern Library Classics, 2013. From a closet in Phoebus’s room, a disguised Frollo spies on the couple. Translated by J. Caroll Beckwith as, 1895. This is evidenced not only by Quasimodo in The Hunchback of Notre Dame, which was published in 1831, but another famous Hugo work — Les Miserables. The crowd are afraid of Quasimodo because of his hideous appearance, but they crown him the fool’s pope and parade him through the streets. The original film The Hunchback of Notre Dame was one of the saddest and most dramatic films ever. [3] This explains the large descriptive sections of the book, which far exceed the requirements of the story. Victor Hugo began writing Notre-Dame de Paris in 1829, largely to make his contemporaries more aware of the value of the Gothic architecture, which was neglected and often destroyed to be replaced by new buildings or defaced by replacement of parts of buildings in a newer style. The novel ends many years later, when two skeletons—that of a hunchback and that of a woman—are found embracing in Esmeralda’s tomb. Even more popular than it became throughout the twentieth century and into the early 2000s, this romantic story grabbed the imagination of the French people who embraced it for its melodramatic storyline and Hugo's detailed rendering of the life and culture of fifteenth-century Paris. Esmeralda takes pity on him and offers him a drink of water. Translated by Alban J. Krailsheimer as, 2002. [31], John Carradine starred in an hour-long adaptation broadcast on a 1946 episode of Your Playhouse of Favorites.[32]. I read the original Hunchback novel (or most of it, anyway) ... of The Hunchback. Translated by Walter J. Cobb. With nothing left to live for, Quasimodo vanishes and is never seen again. In The Hunchback of Notre Dame, Hugo recreates the vibrant, intense atmosphere of 15th-century life to remind his readers of the splendour and significance of Paris’s Gothic past. The story is set in Paris in 1482 during the reign of Louis XI. The novel makes Quasimodo’s defining characteristic his physical monstrosity, and his entire identity is constructed around being perceived as a monster. The music swells into the opening narration of “The Bells of Notre Dame” as the cloaked figures reveals themselves as the ensemble of The Hunchback of Notre Dame. Madame Aloïse de Gondelaurier is Fleur-de-Lys' mother. The book doubles as a plea for the preservation of the city’s historic Gothic architecture (and thus its heritage). In the summer of 1830, Gosselin demanded that Hugo complete the book by February 1831. In The Princess Bride (1987), Patinkin … Several characters suggest that he is some kind of supernatural being that prowls around Paris, casting spells on its citizens. His plea was met with great success. The novel has been described as a key text in French literature[1] Phoebus collapses before he can see his assailant. Translated by Anonymous (CreateSpace Edition), This page was last edited on 8 March 2021, at 02:11. Esmeralda, born Agnès, is perceived to be a French Roma girl. Please select which sections you would like to print: While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. He focused primarily on the Gothic architectural elements of the structure, including its flying buttresses, clerestory windows, and stained glass. In the end, Hugo indicates that the real monsters are not Quasimodo and Esmeralda but Frollo and Phoebus. The Hunchback of Notre Dame opens in the middle of a public celebration called the Feast of Fools, which ends at nightfall in an election of the "Pope of Fools," where the winner with the ugliest face is chosen by the crowd and paraded through the streets of Paris. He craves social interaction and expresses a keen desire to make friends. To date, all of the film and TV adaptations have strayed somewhat from the original plot, some going as far as to give it a happy ending, including in the classic 1939 film (although Quasimodo loses Esmeralda to Gringoire in this version). By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. The book tells the story of a poor barefoot Gypsy girl (La Esmeralda) and a misshapen bell-ringer (Quasimodo) who was raised by the Archdeacon (Claude Frollo). Other screen adaptations included a 1923 silent film featuring Lon Chaney and a 1956 version starring Anthony Quinn and Gina Lollobrigida. Translated by M.W. Shortly thereafter Esmeralda is hanged, and Quasimodo, in his grief and despair, pushes Frollo from the cathedral tower. Hugo introduced with this work the concept of the novel as Epic Theatre. Hugo writes that 'quiconque naissant poète se faisait architecte' ("whoever was born a poet became an architect"), arguing that while the written word was heavily censored and difficult to reproduce, architecture was extremely prominent and enjoyed considerable freedom. The Hunchback of Notre Dame is a musical based on the 1831 novel of the same name written by Victor Hugo with songs from the 1996 Walt Disney Animation Studios film adaptation. Pierrat Torterue is the torturer at the Châtelet. Revised translation by Catherine Liu of an anonymous 19th century translation. Quasimodo attempts to shelter Esmeralda in Notre-Dame, but he is ultimately unable to save her. In 1861, a "Grand Burlesque Extravaganza" by. The plot centers onQuasimodo, the deformed bell-ringer ofNotre Dame, and his struggle to gain acceptance into society. Hugo’s The Hunchback of Notre Dame considers what it means to be a monster. They are viewed as exotic outsiders and are said to practice magic, possess satanic goats, and kidnap Parisian children among other things. He also mentions the invention of the printing press, when the bookmaker near the beginning of the work speaks of "the German pest. Notre-Dame de Paris = Our Lady of Paris = The Hunchback of Notre Dame, Victor Hugo The Hunchback of Notre-Dame is a French Romantic/Gothic novel by Victor Hugo, published in 1831. In 2013, an adaptation by James Villafuerte was staged in Tanghalang Pasigueño Villa Teatro. The book was twice adapted and broadcast on BBC Radio 4's Classic Serial: The Hunchback of Notre-Dame has been translated into English many times. Hugo closely monitored the restoration of Notre Dame and may have even known both Trajan and "the Hunchback." The Hunchback of Notre Dame study guide contains a biography of Victor Hugo, literature essays, a complete e-text, quiz questions, major themes, characters, and a full summary and analysis. A rock musical version was released in Seattle, Washington in 1998 titled "Hunchback" with music and script by C. Rainey Lewis. Phoebus is also recast: he is a good-natured heroic soldier who returns Esmeralda’s love. The Hunchback of Notre Dame study guide contains a biography of Victor Hugo, literature essays, a complete e-text, quiz questions, major themes, characters, and a full summary and analysis. The novel made Notre-Dame De Paris a national icon and served as a catalyst into a renewed interest in the restoration of Gothic form.[2]. The following day, Quasimodo is sentenced to be flogged and turned on the pillory for two hours, followed by another hour's public exposure. Theatrical Trailer [1939] [480i] [4:3] 1:48] This is the original trailer, that shows you why ‘The Hunchback of Notre Dame’ was a great Hollywood Classic Film. The enormous popularity of the book in France spurred the nascent historical preservation movement in that country and strongly encouraged Gothic revival architecture. Esmeralda too loses consciousness, and Frollo escapes, leaving Esmeralda as the only suspect for the attempted murder. 1482) is a French Gothic novel by Victor Hugo, published in 1831. Beginning in September 1830, Hugo worked nonstop on the project thereafter. C'est la liberté de l'architecture. The production reportedly had the most successful first year of any musical up to that time. Quasimodo thereafter falls in love with the dancer and decides to devote himself to protecting her. By the time Victor Hugo wrote The Hunchback of Notre Dame (published in French as Notre-Dame … In 2019 an adaptation by Benjamin Polya was staged by, A 1977 lush orchestral disco 28 minute epic re-telling the tale of Quasimodo and Esmeralda, by, A 2016 soundtrack to the musical adaptation, based on the novel and songs from the Disney film version. The Hunchback of Notre Dame (French: Notre-Dame de Paris, "Our Lady of Paris") is a novel by Victor Hugo published in 1831. There exists in this era, for thoughts written in stone, a privilege comparable to our current freedom of the press. Notre-Dame de Paris became a French national icon, and the proliferation of images of the cathedral helped revive the use and prestige of Gothic forms. The movie opens in 1482 Paris with Clopin, a Gypsy puppeteer, telling a group of children the story of the Hunchback of Notre Dame. Later, Esmeralda is arrested and charged with the attempted murder of Phoebus, whom Frollo attempted to kill in jealousy after seeing him trying to seduce Esmeralda. Read 23 reviews from the world's largest community for readers. It follows the story of a kind but lonely bell ringer, Quasimodo; his new friend, a gypsy named Esmeralda; a rebellious Captain of the Guard; and an evil judge who threatens each of their lives. Phoebus Rallies Paris. Although she is not, in fact, a Rom, she is seen and treated as one. The story is set in Paris in 1482 during the reign of Louis XI. Disney has announced that a live-action version of their 1996 animated film is in development. The Romani Esmeralda (born as Agnes) captures the hearts of many men, including those of Captain Phoebus and Pierre Gringoire, but especially Quasimodo and his guardian Archdeacon Claude Frollo. It is set in 1482 in Paris, in and around the cathedral of Notre Dame de Paris. https://www.britannica.com/topic/The-Hunchback-of-Notre-Dame, The Hunchback of Notre Dame - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). Haley Bracken was an Editorial Intern at Encyclopaedia Britannica in 2018 and 2019. The Hunchback of Notre Dame is a novel written in the name of the preservation of Medieval architecture in general and the Notre Dame cathedral specifically. Ultimately it led to major renovations at Notre-Dame in the 19th century led by Eugène Viollet-le-Duc. Clopin, the leader of the Roma, hears the news from Gringoire and rallies the citizens of Paris to charge the cathedral and rescue Esmeralda. Is Jane Eyre a fictional explorer and adventuress? It seems as if the new architecture is now uglier and worse than it was before the repair. The Parisians recognize the man as Quasimodo, the hunchback bell-ringer of Notre Dame cathedral. Il existe à cette époque, pour la pensée écrite en pierre, un privilège tout-à-fait comparable à notre liberté actuelle de la presse. He is hoisted on a … Page of the manuscript of Victor Hugo's novel. Unbeknownst to Quasimodo, two other men vie for Esmeralda’s affection: Quasimodo’s adoptive father, Archdeacon Dom Claude Frollo, and the womanizing captain Phoebus de Châteaupers. Was Sherlock Holmes a real detective? One day he sneaks out to go a festival in town where he meets the enchanting Esmeralda, a gypsy. When Quasimodo sees the Roma, he assumes they are there to hurt Esmeralda, so he drives them off. A significant aspect of Notre Dame de Paris is that it encompasses the whole of life, from the King of France to Paris sewer rats, in a manner later co-opted by Honoré de Balzac, Gustave Flaubert and many others, including Charles Dickens. But after yet another failed attempt to win her love, Frollo betrays Esmeralda by handing her to the troops and watches while she is being hanged. The cathedral Notre-Dame de Paris is one of the most enduring symbols of the French capital city. Frollo gazes on the gypsy girl, Esmeralda, in the church during Fool's Day and sends Quasimodo to catch her. The Hunchback of Notre Dame was Hugo's first novel after a series of successful plays. The Hunchback of Notre-Dame (French: Notre-Dame de Paris, lit. The story centres on Quasimodo, the deformed bell ringer of Notre-Dame Cathedral, and his unrequited love for the beautiful dancer La Esmeralda. Unlike most adaptations, the 1996 Disney version has an ending that is inspired by an opera created by Hugo himself. Bérangère de Champchevrier is Fleur-de-Lys' friend. Hugo conceived of The Hunchback of Notre Dame as a story of the cathedral itself and devoted two chapters of the novel to describing it. The Hunchback of Notre Dame (French: Notre-Dame de Paris) is an 1831 French novel written by Victor Hugo. The Hunchback of Notre Dame is set in Paris during the 15th century. The Hunchback of Notre Dame has been adapted several times for the stage and screen. I don’t mean a “dark” happiness like The Nightmare Before Christmas, nor the terrifying darkness of The Black Cauldron, one of Disney’s less known films.The darkness of The Hunchback of Notre Dame has nothing to do with this. Marc Cenaine is a magician Jacques Charmolue and Claude Frollo torture for practicing witchcraft while they try to pry alchemy secrets from him. He was also the official who administered the savage flogging to which Quasimodo was sentenced by Barbedienne. Master Jacques Charmolue presides over her trial. The film also revises the end of the novel, such that Esmeralda survives and befriends Quasimodo. Esmeralda, born Agnès, is perceived to be a French Roma girl. Posted By Jozanny at Fri 13 Jun 2008, 4:41 AM in The Hunchback of Notre Dame || 1 Reply Frollo exploits their association with the supernatural to sanction a Roma purge, just as Charmolue uses it to authorize Esmeralda’s execution. Likewise, he thinks the king's men want to rescue her, and tries to help them find her. He calls for water. The Hunchback of Notre Dame was written in 1830 and is set in 1482. The first printing, by publisher Charles Gosselin, was distributed in four issues of 275 copies each, and the novel was instantly, incredibly popular. Jacques Charmolue is Claude Frollo's friend in charge of torturing prisoners. ", In 2010, British archivist Adrian Glew discovered references to a real-life hunchback who was a foreman of a government sculpting studio in Paris in the 1820s who worked on post-Revolution restorations to the cathedral. Storyline King Louis XI is a wise and old king and Frollo is the Chief Justice. In the original, Quasimodo's skeleton is found many years later in the charnel house, a mass grave into which the bodies of the destitute and criminals were indiscriminately thrown, implying that Quasimodo had sought Esmeralda among the decaying corpses and lay beside her, himself to die. Omissions?
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